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Russian Association of Proletarian Writers
The Russian Association of Proletarian Writers, also known under its transliterated abbreviation RAPP ((ロシア語:Российская ассоциация пролетарских писателей, РАПП)) was an official creative union in the Soviet Union established in January 1925.〔("RAPP" ), in Russian ''Literary Encyclopedia'' (1929-1939) 〕
Among its stated purposes was "to scourge and chastice" in the name of the Party", i.e., effectively encouraging censorship of literature on ideological grounds. Among the first targets were Yevgeny Zamiatin and Boris Pilnyak.〔"Understanding Boris Pasternak, Larissa Rudova (1997) ISBN 1-57003-143-6, (p. 64 )〕 It became notorious for its enthusiastic attacks on writers who failed to fit the RAPP's definition of the "true Soviet writer", which have eventually earned criticism from the leadership of the Bolshevik party.〔 Among its targets were both pro- and anti-Bolshevik writers, notably including Mikhail Bulgakov, Maxim Gorki, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Alexey Tolstoy, Boris Pilniak, and Yevgeni Zamyatin.
In April 1932 RAPP, together with other creative unions, such as Proletkult VOAPP, and Russian Association of Proletarian Musicians, was disbanded, and the USSR Union of Writers (together other new creative unions) was established instead.
==References==
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